《Economics 》

Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 <!-- / Font Definitions / @font-face {font-family:Wingdings; panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-charset:2; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;} @font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1; mso-font-alt:SimSun; mso-font-charset:134; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:3 135135232 16 0 262145 0;} @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face {font-family:"\@宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1; mso-font-alt:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-charset:134; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:3 135135232 16 0 262145 0;} / Style Definitions / p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none; font-size:10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:宋体; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:10.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:宋体; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:0pt;} / Page Definitions / @page {mso-page-border-surround-header:no; mso-page-border-surround-footer:no;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} / List Definitions / @list l0 {mso-list-id:194126620; mso-list-type:hybrid; mso-list-template-ids:1342052982 1576027462 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} @list l0:level1 {mso-level-number-format:bullet; mso-level-text:; mso-level-tab-stop:22.7pt; mso-level-number-position:left; margin-left:17.0pt; text-indent:-5.65pt; mso-ansi-font-size:7.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:7.5pt; font-family:Wingdings;} ol {margin-bottom:0cm;} ul {margin-bottom:0cm;} --> / Style Definitions / table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:普通表格; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} The same unique voice that made Paul Krugman a widely read economist is evident on every page of Economics. The product of the partnership of coauthors Krugman and Robin Wells, the book returns in a new edition. The new edition is informed and informative, solidly grounded in economic fundamentals yet focused on the realities of today's world and the lives of students. It maintains the signature Krugman/Wells story-driven approach while incorporating organizational changes, new content and features, and new media and supplements. What’s new? • Chapter order – re-organised from the 1st edition to reflect how the subject is taught • Stronger international focus – Global issues are dealt with throughout the text and emphasis is placed on looking at topics from an international perspective • Global Comparison boxes – uses data driven examples to illustrate the international dimension of economic concepts • New chapters on Taxes, Inflation and Unemployment • Coverage of the financial crisis Tools for learning: Each chapter is structured around a common set of features that helps students learn while keeping them engaged • Chapter opening summaries – Each chapter begins with a real-life story that is then integrated throughout the chapter. They illustrate concepts, build intuition and encourage students to think further • Economics in action – each chapter closes with a real world case study • Each chapter also has: • What you will learn – easy to read bulleted list • Quick review – to cement ideas • Check your understanding – short in text questions to test the student has understood the concepts • For enquiring minds – concepts are applied to real world events • Global comparison boxes – illustrations from around the world • Pitfalls – Concepts that are often misunderstood or that students often struggle with are dealt with as they come up • Definition of key terms – terms are defined in the text, then again in the margin • A look ahead – Provides students with an idea of what to expect • End of chapter review – a brief but complete summary of the key concepts, key terms and a comprehensive set of end of chapter problems From the Back Cover A Final Word: The Crisis of 2008 This edition of Economics was finalized as the United States and much of the rest of the world was experiencing its worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. The events of 2007 and 2008 were extraordinary, and so were the policy responses. And as 2008 drew to a close, there was widespread discussion of the need for an immense program of fiscal expansion, larger than any in U.S. history, to prop up the rapidly weakening economy. Drastic as the events of 2007 and 2008 were, they weren’t entirely unprecedented. As some economist put it, the crisis wasn’t like nothing we’d ever seen before—it was more like everything we’d seen before, all at once. All the ingredients of economic crises past seemed to be coming together at the same time: The housing market had experienced a bubble—a rise in prices not justified by fundamental factors—reminiscent of the stock bubble of the 1990s. There had also been an epidemic of risky lending reminiscent of the runaway lending that created the savings and loan crisis of the 1980s.  Losses of mortgage-backed securities—assets ultimately backed by the mortgage payments of homeowners—provoked a crisis of confidence in financial institutions that bore an alarming resemblance to the bank runs that helped usher in the Great Depression. And the disruption of credit markets provoked plunges in the values of currencies from Iceland to Brazil. Because the crisis seemed to recapitulate many events of the past, there was a sense in which it simply provided an extraordinarily violent demonstration of economics in action. That said, the creisi also revealed the extent to which the world has changed in recent decades. For example, the recent “bank runs” mainly involved institutions that don’t look like old-fashioned banks: they take deposits that aren’t guaranteed by the FDIC. Yet as the crisis revealed, these ”nonblank banks” comprise a “shadow banking system” at the heart of our financial system. In this new edition of Economics, we were able to integrated crisis-related case studies into many of the book’s chapters, showing how the difficulties of the present reflect long-understood macroeconomic principles. We were also able to include discussions of the shadow banking system and its vulnerability to crisis, on one side, and the Federal Reserve’s expanded role, on the other. The further unfolding of the crisis will doubtless create many more new issues for analysis and policy. One thing we can say for sure, however, is that recent events have made it even more obvious just how crucial it is for students—and citizens—to understand the principles of economics.